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C0059 Salesforce Data Exfiltration

The Salesforce Data Exfiltration campaign began in October 2024 with financially-motivated threat actor UNC6040 using Spearphishing Voice (vishing) to compromise corporate Salesforce instances for large-scale data theft and extortion. Following the initial data theft, victim organizations received extortion demands from a separate threat actor, UNC6240, who claimed to be the “ShinyHunters” group. The observed infrastructure and TTPs used during the Salesforce Data Exfiltration campaign overlap with those used by threat groups with suspected ties to the broader collective known as “The Com.” These overlaps could plausibly be the result of associated actors operating within the same communities and are not necessarily an indication of a direct operational relationship.12

Item Value
ID C0059
Associated Names
First Seen October 2004
Last Seen September 2025
Version 1.0
Created 22 October 2025
Last Modified 24 October 2025
Navigation Layer View In ATT&CK® Navigator

Techniques Used

Domain ID Name Use
enterprise T1020 Automated Exfiltration During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors used API queries to automatically exfiltrate large volumes of data.1
enterprise T1671 Cloud Application Integration During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors deceived victims into authorizing malicious connected apps to their organization’s Salesforce portal.12
enterprise T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter -
enterprise T1059.006 Python During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors used custom applications developed in python.2
enterprise T1586 Compromise Accounts -
enterprise T1586.002 Email Accounts During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors used compromised emails to create Salesforce trial accounts.2
enterprise T1213 Data from Information Repositories -
enterprise T1213.004 Customer Relationship Management Software During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors accessed and exfiltrated sensitive information from compromised Salesforce instances.2
enterprise T1587 Develop Capabilities -
enterprise T1587.001 Malware During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors created malicious applications within Salesforce trial accounts, typically Python scripts with similar function to the Salesforce Data Loader.12
enterprise T1585 Establish Accounts During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors created Salesforce trial accounts to register their malicious applications.2
enterprise T1585.002 Email Accounts During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors registered emails shinycorp@tuta[.]com and shinygroup@tuta[.]com to send victims extortion demands.2
enterprise T1567 Exfiltration Over Web Service During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors exfiltrated data via legitimate Salesforce API communication channels including the Salesforce Data Loader application.21
enterprise T1083 File and Directory Discovery During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors queried customers’ Salesforce environments to identify sensitive information for exfiltration.1
enterprise T1656 Impersonation During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors impersonated IT support personnel in voice calls with victims at times claiming to be addressing enterprise-wide connectivity issues.21
enterprise T1036 Masquerading During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors used voice calls to socially engineer victims into authorizing a modified version of the Salesforce Data Loader app.2
enterprise T1588 Obtain Capabilities -
enterprise T1588.002 Tool During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors initially relied on the legitimate Salesforce Data Loader app for data exfiltration.21
enterprise T1598 Phishing for Information -
enterprise T1598.004 Spearphishing Voice During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors initiated voice calls with victims to socially engineer them into authorizing malicious applications or divulging sensitive credentials.12
enterprise T1090 Proxy During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors used Mullvad VPN IPs to proxy voice phishing calls.2
enterprise T1090.003 Multi-hop Proxy During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors used Tor IPs for voice calls and for the collection of stolen data.2
enterprise T1608 Stage Capabilities -
enterprise T1608.005 Link Target During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors established an Okta phishing panel which victims were tricked into accessing from mobile phones or work computers during social engineering calls.12
enterprise T1078 Valid Accounts -
enterprise T1078.002 Domain Accounts During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors used compromised credentials for lateral movement.12

Software

ID Name Description
S0183 Tor During Salesforce Data Exfiltration, threat actors used Tor IPs for voice calls and data collection.2

References

  1. FBI Cyber Division. (2025, September 12). Cyber Criminal Groups UNC6040 and UNC6395 Compromising Salesforce Instances for Data Theft and Extortion. Retrieved October 22, 2025. ↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩

  2. Google Threat Intelligence Group. (2025, June 4). The Cost of a Call: From Voice Phishing to Data Extortion. Retrieved October 22, 2025. ↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩