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T1010 Application Window Discovery

Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of open application windows. Window listings could convey information about how the system is used.2 For example, information about application windows could be used identify potential data to collect as well as identifying security tooling (Security Software Discovery) to evade.1

Adversaries typically abuse system features for this type of enumeration. For example, they may gather information through native system features such as Command and Scripting Interpreter commands and Native API functions.

Item Value
ID T1010
Sub-techniques
Tactics TA0007
Platforms Linux, Windows, macOS
Version 1.3
Created 31 May 2017
Last Modified 15 April 2023

Procedure Examples

ID Name Description
S0456 Aria-body Aria-body has the ability to identify the titles of running windows on a compromised host.15
S0438 Attor Attor can obtain application window titles and then determines which windows to perform Screen Capture on.12
S0454 Cadelspy Cadelspy has the ability to identify open windows on the compromised host.14
S0261 Catchamas Catchamas obtains application windows titles and then determines which windows to perform Screen Capture on.29
S0673 DarkWatchman DarkWatchman reports window names along with keylogger information to provide application context.2
S0038 Duqu The discovery modules used with Duqu can collect information on open windows.26
S0696 Flagpro Flagpro can check the name of the window displayed on the system.13
S1044 FunnyDream FunnyDream has the ability to discover application windows via execution of EnumWindows.10
S0531 Grandoreiro Grandoreiro can identify installed security tools based on window names.1
G1001 HEXANE HEXANE has used a PowerShell-based keylogging tool to capture the window title.33
S0431 HotCroissant HotCroissant has the ability to list the names of all open windows on the infected host.6
S0260 InvisiMole InvisiMole can enumerate windows and child windows on a compromised host.2324
S0265 Kazuar Kazuar gathers information about opened windows.11
G0032 Lazarus Group Lazarus Group malware IndiaIndia obtains and sends to its C2 server the title of the window for each running process. The KilaAlfa keylogger also reports the title of the window in the foreground.323031
S0409 Machete Machete saves the window names.17
S0455 Metamorfo Metamorfo can enumerate all windows on the victim’s machine.2728
S0033 NetTraveler NetTraveler reports window names along with keylogger information to provide application context.8
S0198 NETWIRE NETWIRE can discover and close windows on controlled systems.20
S0385 njRAT njRAT gathers information about opened windows during the initial infection.4
S0435 PLEAD PLEAD has the ability to list open windows on the compromised host.77
S0012 PoisonIvy PoisonIvy captures window titles.25
S0139 PowerDuke PowerDuke has a command to get text of the current foreground window.18
S0650 QakBot QakBot has the ability to enumerate windows on a compromised host.16
S0375 Remexi Remexi has a command to capture active windows on the machine and retrieve window titles.22
S0240 ROKRAT ROKRAT can use the GetForegroundWindow and GetWindowText APIs to discover where the user is typing.19
S0692 SILENTTRINITY SILENTTRINITY can enumerate the active Window during keylogging through execution of GetActiveWindowTitle.3
S0157 SOUNDBITE SOUNDBITE is capable of enumerating application windows.9
S0094 Trojan.Karagany Trojan.Karagany can monitor the titles of open windows to identify specific keywords.5
S0219 WINERACK WINERACK can enumerate active windows.21

Detection

ID Data Source Data Component
DS0017 Command Command Execution
DS0009 Process OS API Execution

References

  1. ESET. (2020, April 28). Grandoreiro: How engorged can an EXE get?. Retrieved November 13, 2020. ↩↩

  2. Smith, S., Stafford, M. (2021, December 14). DarkWatchman: A new evolution in fileless techniques. Retrieved January 10, 2022. ↩↩

  3. Salvati, M. (2019, August 6). SILENTTRINITY Modules. Retrieved March 24, 2022. ↩

  4. Fidelis Cybersecurity. (2013, June 28). Fidelis Threat Advisory #1009: “njRAT” Uncovered. Retrieved June 4, 2019. ↩

  5. Secureworks. (2019, July 24). Updated Karagany Malware Targets Energy Sector. Retrieved August 12, 2020. ↩

  6. Knight, S.. (2020, April 16). VMware Carbon Black TAU Threat Analysis: The Evolution of Lazarus. Retrieved May 1, 2020. ↩

  7. Bermejo, L., et al. (2017, June 22). Following the Trail of BlackTech’s Cyber Espionage Campaigns. Retrieved May 5, 2020. ↩↩

  8. Kaspersky Lab’s Global Research and Analysis Team. (n.d.). The NetTraveler (aka ‘Travnet’). Retrieved November 12, 2014. ↩

  9. Carr, N.. (2017, May 14). Cyber Espionage is Alive and Well: APT32 and the Threat to Global Corporations. Retrieved June 18, 2017. ↩

  10. Vrabie, V. (2020, November). Dissecting a Chinese APT Targeting South Eastern Asian Government Institutions. Retrieved September 19, 2022. ↩

  11. Levene, B, et al. (2017, May 03). Kazuar: Multiplatform Espionage Backdoor with API Access. Retrieved July 17, 2018. ↩

  12. Hromcova, Z. (2019, October). AT COMMANDS, TOR-BASED COMMUNICATIONS: MEET ATTOR, A FANTASY CREATURE AND ALSO A SPY PLATFORM. Retrieved May 6, 2020. ↩

  13. Hada, H. (2021, December 28). Flagpro The new malware used by BlackTech. Retrieved March 25, 2022. ↩

  14. Symantec Security Response. (2015, December 7). Iran-based attackers use back door threats to spy on Middle Eastern targets. Retrieved April 17, 2019. ↩

  15. CheckPoint. (2020, May 7). Naikon APT: Cyber Espionage Reloaded. Retrieved May 26, 2020. ↩

  16. Morrow, D. (2021, April 15). The rise of QakBot. Retrieved September 27, 2021. ↩

  17. ESET. (2019, July). MACHETE JUST GOT SHARPER Venezuelan government institutions under attack. Retrieved September 13, 2019. ↩

  18. Adair, S.. (2016, November 9). PowerDuke: Widespread Post-Election Spear Phishing Campaigns Targeting Think Tanks and NGOs. Retrieved January 11, 2017. ↩

  19. Mercer, W., Rascagneres, P. (2017, April 03). Introducing ROKRAT. Retrieved May 21, 2018. ↩

  20. Lambert, T. (2020, January 29). Intro to Netwire. Retrieved January 7, 2021. ↩

  21. FireEye. (2018, February 20). APT37 (Reaper): The Overlooked North Korean Actor. Retrieved March 1, 2018. ↩

  22. Legezo, D. (2019, January 30). Chafer used Remexi malware to spy on Iran-based foreign diplomatic entities. Retrieved April 17, 2019. ↩

  23. Hromcová, Z. (2018, June 07). InvisiMole: Surprisingly equipped spyware, undercover since 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2018. ↩

  24. Hromcova, Z. and Cherpanov, A. (2020, June). INVISIMOLE: THE HIDDEN PART OF THE STORY. Retrieved July 16, 2020. ↩

  25. Hayashi, K. (2005, August 18). Backdoor.Darkmoon. Retrieved February 23, 2018. ↩

  26. Symantec Security Response. (2011, November). W32.Duqu: The precursor to the next Stuxnet. Retrieved September 17, 2015. ↩

  27. Sierra, E., Iglesias, G.. (2018, April 24). Metamorfo Campaigns Targeting Brazilian Users. Retrieved July 30, 2020. ↩

  28. Zhang, X. (2020, February 4). Another Metamorfo Variant Targeting Customers of Financial Institutions in More Countries. Retrieved July 30, 2020. ↩

  29. Balanza, M. (2018, April 02). Infostealer.Catchamas. Retrieved July 10, 2018. ↩

  30. Novetta Threat Research Group. (2016, February 24). Operation Blockbuster: Loaders, Installers and Uninstallers Report. Retrieved March 2, 2016. ↩

  31. Novetta Threat Research Group. (2016, February 24). Operation Blockbuster: Tools Report. Retrieved March 10, 2016. ↩

  32. Novetta Threat Research Group. (2016, February 24). Operation Blockbuster: Unraveling the Long Thread of the Sony Attack. Retrieved February 25, 2016. ↩

  33. SecureWorks 2019, August 27 LYCEUM Takes Center Stage in Middle East Campaign Retrieved. 2019/11/19  ↩