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T1083 File and Directory Discovery

Adversaries may enumerate files and directories or may search in specific locations of a host or network share for certain information within a file system. Adversaries may use the information from File and Directory Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.

Many command shell utilities can be used to obtain this information. Examples include dir, tree, ls, find, and locate.1 Custom tools may also be used to gather file and directory information and interact with the Native API. Adversaries may also leverage a Network Device CLI on network devices to gather file and directory information (e.g. dir, show flash, and/or nvram).2

Item Value
ID T1083
Sub-techniques
Tactics TA0007
Platforms Linux, Network, Windows, macOS
Version 1.5
Created 31 May 2017
Last Modified 30 March 2023

Procedure Examples

ID Name Description
S0066 3PARA RAT 3PARA RAT has a command to retrieve metadata for files on disk as well as a command to list the current working directory.146
S0065 4H RAT 4H RAT has the capability to obtain file and directory listings.146
S1028 Action RAT Action RAT has the ability to collect drive and file information on an infected machine.179
G0018 admin@338 admin@338 actors used the following commands after exploiting a machine with LOWBALL malware to obtain information about files and directories: dir c:\ >> %temp%\download dir “c:\Documents and Settings” >> %temp%\download dir “c:\Program Files" >> %temp%\download dir d:\ >> %temp%\download335
S0045 ADVSTORESHELL ADVSTORESHELL can list files and directories.176177
S1025 Amadey Amadey has searched for folders associated with antivirus software.272
G1007 Aoqin Dragon Aoqin Dragon has run scripts to identify file formats including Microsoft Word.235
S0622 AppleSeed AppleSeed has the ability to search for .txt, .ppt, .hwp, .pdf, and .doc files in specified directories.155
G0026 APT18 APT18 can list files information for specific directories.326
G0007 APT28 APT28 has used Forfiles to locate PDF, Excel, and Word documents during collection. The group also searched a compromised DCCC computer for specific terms.5310
G0022 APT3 APT3 has a tool that looks for files and directories on the local file system.300301
G0050 APT32 APT32‘s backdoor possesses the capability to list files and directories on a machine. 295
G0082 APT38 APT38 have enumerated files and directories, or searched in specific locations within a compromised host.308
G0087 APT39 APT39 has used tools with the ability to search for files on a compromised host.332
G0096 APT41 APT41 has executed file /bin/pwd on exploited victims, perhaps to return architecture related information.311
S0456 Aria-body Aria-body has the ability to gather metadata from a file and to search for file and directory names.203
S0438 Attor Attor has a plugin that enumerates files with specific extensions on all hard disk drives and stores file information in encrypted log files.258
S0347 AuditCred AuditCred can search through folders and files on the system.169
S0129 AutoIt backdoor AutoIt backdoor is capable of identifying documents on the victim with the following extensions: .doc; .pdf, .csv, .ppt, .docx, .pst, .xls, .xlsx, .pptx, and .jpeg.122
S0640 Avaddon Avaddon has searched for specific files prior to encryption.31
S0473 Avenger Avenger has the ability to browse files in directories such as Program Files and the Desktop.70
S1053 AvosLocker AvosLocker has searched for files and directories on a compromised network.282283
S0344 Azorult Azorult can recursively search for files in folders and collects files from the desktop with certain extensions.175
S0638 Babuk Babuk has the ability to enumerate files on a targeted system.190191
S0414 BabyShark BabyShark has used dir to search for “programfiles” and “appdata”.17
S0475 BackConfig BackConfig has the ability to identify folders and files related to previous infections.29
S0093 Backdoor.Oldrea Backdoor.Oldrea collects information about available drives, default browser, desktop file list, My Documents, Internet history, program files, and root of available drives. It also searches for ICS-related software files.264
S0031 BACKSPACE BACKSPACE allows adversaries to search for files.32
S0642 BADFLICK BADFLICK has searched for files on the infected host.255
S0128 BADNEWS BADNEWS identifies files with certain extensions from USB devices, then copies them to a predefined directory.71
S0337 BadPatch BadPatch searches for files with specific file extensions.286
S0234 Bandook Bandook has a command to list files on a system.233
S0239 Bankshot Bankshot searches for files on the victim’s machine.187
S0534 Bazar Bazar can enumerate the victim’s desktop.270271
S0127 BBSRAT BBSRAT can list file and directory information.241
S0268 Bisonal Bisonal can retrieve a file listing from the system.112113
S1070 Black Basta Black Basta can enumerate specific files for encryption.276274278279281277280275
S1068 BlackCat BlackCat can enumerate files for encryption.28
S0069 BLACKCOFFEE BLACKCOFFEE has the capability to enumerate files.43
S0089 BlackEnergy BlackEnergy gathers a list of installed apps from the uninstall program Registry. It also gathers registered mail, browser, and instant messaging clients from the Registry. BlackEnergy has searched for given file types.108109
S0564 BlackMould BlackMould has the ability to find files on the targeted system.268
S0520 BLINDINGCAN BLINDINGCAN can search, read, write, move, and execute files.110111
S0657 BLUELIGHT BLUELIGHT can enumerate files and collect associated metadata.265
S0635 BoomBox BoomBox can search for specific files and directories on a machine.52
S0651 BoxCaon BoxCaon has searched for files on the system, such as documents located in the desktop folder.135
S0252 Brave Prince Brave Prince gathers file and directory information from the victim’s machine.128
G0060 BRONZE BUTLER BRONZE BUTLER has collected a list of files from the victim and uploaded it to its C2 server, and then created a new list of specific files to steal.322
C0015 C0015 During C0015, the threat actors conducted a file listing discovery against multiple hosts to ensure locker encryption was successful.337
S0693 CaddyWiper CaddyWiper can enumerate all files and directories on a compromised host.246
S0351 Cannon Cannon can obtain victim drive information as well as a list of folders in C:\Program Files.227
S0348 Cardinal RAT Cardinal RAT checks its current working directory upon execution and also contains watchdog functionality that ensures its executable is located in the correct path (else it will rewrite the payload).262
S0572 Caterpillar WebShell Caterpillar WebShell can search for files in directories.207
S1043 ccf32 ccf32 can parse collected files to identify specific file extensions.48
S0674 CharmPower CharmPower can enumerate drives and list the contents of the C: drive on a victim’s computer.30
S0144 ChChes ChChes collects the victim’s %TEMP% directory path and version of Internet Explorer.20
G0114 Chimera Chimera has utilized multiple commands to identify data of interest in file and directory listings.309
S0020 China Chopper China Chopper‘s server component can list directory contents.2322
S0023 CHOPSTICK An older version of CHOPSTICK has a module that monitors all mounted volumes for files with the extensions .doc, .docx, .pgp, .gpg, .m2f, or .m2o.176
S0660 Clambling Clambling can browse directories on a compromised host.256257
S0611 Clop Clop has searched folders and subfolders for files to encrypt.225
S0106 cmd cmd can be used to find files and directories with native functionality such as dir commands.10
S0154 Cobalt Strike Cobalt Strike can explore files on a compromised system.259
G0142 Confucius Confucius has used a file stealer that checks the Document, Downloads, Desktop, and Picture folders for documents and images with specific extensions.313
S0575 Conti Conti can discover files on a local system.141
S0492 CookieMiner CookieMiner has looked for files in the user’s home directory with “wallet” in their name using find.160
S0212 CORALDECK CORALDECK searches for specified files.79
S0050 CosmicDuke CosmicDuke searches attached and mounted drives for file extensions and keywords that match a predefined list.102
S0488 CrackMapExec CrackMapExec can discover specified filetypes and log files on a targeted system.13
S1023 CreepyDrive CreepyDrive can specify the local file path to upload files from.285
S0115 Crimson Crimson contains commands to list files and directories, as well as search for files matching certain extensions from a defined list.164250251
S0235 CrossRAT CrossRAT can list all files on a system.
S0498 Cryptoistic Cryptoistic can scan a directory to identify files for deletion.38
S0625 Cuba Cuba can enumerate files by using a variety of functions.147
S0687 Cyclops Blink Cyclops Blink can use the Linux API statvfs to enumerate the current working directory.228229
S0497 Dacls Dacls can scan directories on a compromised host.85
G0070 Dark Caracal Dark Caracal collected file listings of all default Windows directories.315
G0012 Darkhotel Darkhotel has used malware that searched for files with specific patterns.316
S0673 DarkWatchman DarkWatchman has the ability to enumerate file and folder names.78
S0255 DDKONG DDKONG lists files on the victim’s machine.266
S0616 DEATHRANSOM DEATHRANSOM can use loop operations to enumerate directories on a compromised host.18
S0354 Denis Denis has several commands to search directories for files.151152
S0021 Derusbi Derusbi is capable of obtaining directory, file, and drive listings.25223
S0659 Diavol Diavol has a command to traverse the files and directories in a given path.96
S0600 Doki Doki has resolved the path of a process PID to use as a script argument.45
S0472 down_new down_new has the ability to list the directories on a compromised host.70
G0035 Dragonfly Dragonfly has used a batch script to gather folder and file names from victim hosts.325324323
S0547 DropBook DropBook can collect the names of all files and folders in the Program Files directories.5455
S0567 Dtrack Dtrack can list files on available disk volumes.7475
S0062 DustySky DustySky scans the victim for files that contain certain keywords and document types including PDF, DOC, DOCX, XLS, and XLSX, from a list that is obtained from the C2 as a text file. It can also identify logical drives for the infected machine.132133
S0377 Ebury Ebury can list directory entries.196
S0081 Elise A variant of Elise executes dir C:\progra~1 when initially run.115116
S0064 ELMER ELMER is capable of performing directory listings.106
S0363 Empire Empire includes various modules for finding files of interest on hosts and network shares.11
S0091 Epic Epic recursively searches for all .doc files on the system and collects a directory listing of the Desktop, %TEMP%, and %WINDOWS%\Temp directories.193194
S0181 FALLCHILL FALLCHILL can search files on a victim.69
S0512 FatDuke FatDuke can enumerate directories on target machines.103
S0182 FinFisher FinFisher enumerates directories and scans for certain files.161162
S0618 FIVEHANDS FIVEHANDS has the ability to enumerate files on a compromised host in order to encrypt files with specific extensions.208209
S0036 FLASHFLOOD FLASHFLOOD searches for interesting files (either a default or customized set of file extensions) on the local system and removable media.32
S0661 FoggyWeb FoggyWeb‘s loader can check for the FoggyWeb backdoor .pri file on a compromised AD FS server.19
S0193 Forfiles Forfiles can be used to locate certain types of files/directories in a system.(ex: locate all files with a specific extension, name, and/or age)5
G0117 Fox Kitten Fox Kitten has used WizTree to obtain network files and directory listings.312
S0277 FruitFly FruitFly looks for specific files and file types.172
S1044 FunnyDream FunnyDream can identify files with .doc, .docx, .ppt, .pptx, .xls, .xlsx, and .pdf extensions and specific timestamps for collection.48
S0628 FYAnti FYAnti can search the C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\ directory for files of a specified size.157
S0410 Fysbis Fysbis has the ability to search for files.37
G0047 Gamaredon Group Gamaredon Group macros can scan for Microsoft Word and Excel files to inject with additional malicious macros. Gamaredon Group has also used its backdoors to automatically list interesting files (such as Office documents) found on a system.303304
S0666 Gelsemium Gelsemium can retrieve data from specific Windows directories, as well as open random files as part of Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion.197
S0049 GeminiDuke GeminiDuke collects information from the victim, including installed drivers, programs previously executed by users, programs and services configured to automatically run at startup, files and folders present in any user’s home folder, files and folders present in any user’s My Documents, programs installed to the Program Files folder, and recently accessed files, folders, and programs.49
S0249 Gold Dragon Gold Dragon lists the directories for Desktop, program files, and the user’s recently accessed files.128
S0493 GoldenSpy GoldenSpy has included a program “ExeProtector”, which monitors for the existence of GoldenSpy on the infected system and redownloads if necessary.182
S0237 GravityRAT GravityRAT collects the volumes mapped on the system, and also steals files with the following extensions: .docx, .doc, .pptx, .ppt, .xlsx, .xls, .rtf, and .pdf.159
S0632 GrimAgent GrimAgent has the ability to enumerate files and directories on a compromised host.236
G0125 HAFNIUM HAFNIUM has searched file contents on a compromised host.22
S0697 HermeticWiper HermeticWiper can enumerate common folders such as My Documents, Desktop, and AppData.6667
S1027 Heyoka Backdoor Heyoka Backdoor has the ability to search the compromised host for files.235
S0376 HOPLIGHT HOPLIGHT has been observed enumerating system drives and partitions.16
S0431 HotCroissant HotCroissant has the ability to retrieve a list of files in a given directory as well as drives and drive types.180
S0070 HTTPBrowser HTTPBrowser is capable of listing files, folders, and drives on a victim.5051
S0203 Hydraq Hydraq creates a backdoor through which remote attackers can check for the existence of files, including its own components, as well as retrieve a list of logical drives.201202
S1022 IceApple The IceApple Directory Lister module can list information about files and directories including creation time, last write time, name, and size.39
S0434 Imminent Monitor Imminent Monitor has a dynamic debugging feature to check whether it is located in the %TEMP% directory, otherwise it copies itself there.4
G0100 Inception Inception used a file listing plugin to collect information about file and directories both on local and remote drives.314
S0604 Industroyer Industroyer’s data wiper component enumerates specific files on all the Windows drives.77
S0259 InnaputRAT InnaputRAT enumerates directories and obtains file attributes on a system.68
S0260 InvisiMole InvisiMole can list information about files in a directory and recently opened or used documents. InvisiMole can also search for specific files by supplied file mask.33
S0015 Ixeshe Ixeshe can list file and directory information.181
S0201 JPIN JPIN can enumerate drives and their types. It can also change file permissions using cacls.exe.24
S0283 jRAT jRAT can browse file systems.183184
S0088 Kasidet Kasidet has the ability to search for a given filename on a victim.56
S0265 Kazuar Kazuar finds a specified directory, lists the files and metadata about those files.140
G0004 Ke3chang Ke3chang uses command-line interaction to search files and directories.328329
S0387 KeyBoy KeyBoy has a command to launch a file browser or explorer on the system.88
S0271 KEYMARBLE KEYMARBLE has a command to search for files on the victim’s machine.158
S0526 KGH_SPY KGH_SPY can enumerate files and directories on a compromised host.92
S0607 KillDisk KillDisk has used the FindNextFile command as part of its file deletion process.178
G0094 Kimsuky Kimsuky has the ability to enumerate all files and directories on an infected system.307305306
S0599 Kinsing Kinsing has used the find command to search for specific files.215
S0437 Kivars Kivars has the ability to list drives on the infected host.120
S0250 Koadic Koadic can obtain a list of directories.3
S0356 KONNI A version of KONNI searches for filenames created with a previous version of the malware, suggesting different versions targeted the same victims and the versions may work together.212
S0236 Kwampirs Kwampirs collects a list of files and directories in C:\ with the command dir /s /a c:\ >> “C:\windows\TEMP[RANDOM].tmp”.73
G0032 Lazarus Group Lazarus Group malware can use a common function to identify target files by their extension, and some also enumerate files and directories, including a Destover-like variant that lists files and gathers information for all drives.291269293292
G0077 Leafminer Leafminer used a tool called MailSniper to search for files on the desktop and another utility called Sobolsoft to extract attachments from EML files.302
S0211 Linfo Linfo creates a backdoor through which remote attackers can list contents of drives and search for files.223
S0447 Lokibot Lokibot can search for specific files on an infected host.205
S0582 LookBack LookBack can retrieve file listings from the victim machine.118
G1014 LuminousMoth LuminousMoth has used malware that scans for files in the Documents, Desktop, and Download folders and in other drives.319318
S0409 Machete Machete produces file listings in order to search for files to be exfiltrated.148149150
S1016 MacMa MacMa can search for a specific file on the compromised computer and can enumerate files in Desktop, Downloads, and Documents folders.288
S1060 Mafalda Mafalda can search for files and directories.81
G0059 Magic Hound Magic Hound malware can list a victim’s logical drives and the type, as well the total/free space of the fixed devices. Other malware can list a directory’s contents.299
S0652 MarkiRAT MarkiRAT can look for files carrying specific extensions such as: .rtf, .doc, .docx, .xls, .xlsx, .ppt, .pptx, .pps, .ppsx, .txt, .gpg, .pkr, .kdbx, .key, and .jpb.154
S0576 MegaCortex MegaCortex can parse the available drives and directories to determine which files to encrypt.114
G0045 menuPass menuPass has searched compromised systems for folders of interest including those related to HR, audit and expense, and meeting memos.320
S0443 MESSAGETAP MESSAGETAP checks for the existence of two configuration files (keyword_parm.txt and parm.txt) and attempts to read the files every 30 seconds.221
S1059 metaMain metaMain can recursively enumerate files in an operator-provided directory.81156
S0455 Metamorfo Metamorfo has searched the Program Files directories for specific folders and has searched for strings related to its mutexes.404142
S0339 Micropsia Micropsia can perform a recursive directory listing for all volume drives available on the victim’s machine and can also fetch specific files by their paths.247
S0051 MiniDuke MiniDuke can enumerate local drives.103
S0083 Misdat Misdat is capable of running commands to obtain a list of files and directories, as well as enumerating logical drives.153
S0079 MobileOrder MobileOrder has a command to upload to its C2 server information about files on the victim mobile device, including SD card size, installed app list, SMS content, contacts, and calling history.84
S0149 MoonWind MoonWind has a command to return a directory listing for a specified directory.119
G0069 MuddyWater MuddyWater has used malware that checked if the ProgramData folder had folders or files with the keywords “Kasper,” “Panda,” or “ESET.”321
G0129 Mustang Panda Mustang Panda has searched the entire target system for DOC, DOCX, PPT, PPTX, XLS, XLSX, and PDF files.331
S0272 NDiskMonitor NDiskMonitor can obtain a list of all files and directories as well as logical drives.71
S0630 Nebulae Nebulae can list files and directories on a compromised host.76
S0034 NETEAGLE NETEAGLE allows adversaries to enumerate and modify the infected host’s file system. It supports searching for directories, creating directories, listing directory contents, reading and writing to files, retrieving file attributes, and retrieving volume information.32
S0198 NETWIRE NETWIRE has the ability to search for files on the compromised host.46
C0002 Night Dragon During Night Dragon, threat actors used zwShell to establish full remote control of the connected machine and browse the victim file system.213
S0385 njRAT njRAT can browse file systems using a file manager module.249
S0368 NotPetya NotPetya searches for files ending with dozens of different file extensions prior to encryption.192
S0644 ObliqueRAT ObliqueRAT has the ability to recursively enumerate files on an infected endpoint.206
S0346 OceanSalt OceanSalt can extract drive information from the endpoint and search files on the system.168
S0340 Octopus Octopus can collect information on the Windows directory and searches for compressed RAR files on the host.142143144
S0439 Okrum Okrum has used DriveLetterView to enumerate drive information.25
C0012 Operation CuckooBees During Operation CuckooBees, the threat actors used dir c:\\ to search for files.338
C0022 Operation Dream Job During Operation Dream Job, Lazarus Group conducted word searches within documents on a compromised host in search of security and financial matters.336
C0006 Operation Honeybee During Operation Honeybee, the threat actors used a malicious DLL to search for files with specific keywords.340
C0014 Operation Wocao During Operation Wocao, threat actors gathered a recursive directory listing to find files and directories of interest.339
S0229 Orz Orz can gather victim drive information.287
S0402 OSX/Shlayer OSX/Shlayer has used the command appDir=”$(dirname $(dirname “$currentDir”))” and $(dirname “$(pwd -P)”) to construct installation paths.3536
S1017 OutSteel OutSteel can search for specific file extensions, including zipped files.27
S0072 OwaAuth OwaAuth has a command to list its directory and logical drives.50
S0598 P.A.S. Webshell P.A.S. Webshell has the ability to list files and file characteristics including extension, size, ownership, and permissions.44
S0208 Pasam Pasam creates a backdoor through which remote attackers can retrieve lists of files.174
G0040 Patchwork A Patchwork payload has searched all fixed drives on the victim for files matching a specified list of extensions.29871
S0587 Penquin Penquin can use the command code do_vslist to send file names, size, and status to C2.248
S0643 Peppy Peppy can identify specific files for exfiltration.164
S0048 PinchDuke PinchDuke searches for files created within a certain timeframe and whose file extension matches a predefined list.49
S1031 PingPull PingPull can enumerate storage volumes and folder contents of a compromised host.189
S0124 Pisloader Pisloader has commands to list drives on the victim machine and to list file information for a given directory.231
S0435 PLEAD PLEAD has the ability to list drives and files on the compromised host.120121
S0013 PlugX PlugX has a module to enumerate drives and find files recursively.99100
S0428 PoetRAT PoetRAT has the ability to list files upon receiving the ls command from C2.204
S0216 POORAIM POORAIM can conduct file browsing.79
S0378 PoshC2 PoshC2 can enumerate files on the local file system and includes a module for enumerating recently accessed files.15
S0139 PowerDuke PowerDuke has commands to get the current directory name as well as the size of a file. It also has commands to obtain information about logical drives, drive type, and free space.90
S0184 POWRUNER POWRUNER may enumerate user directories on a victim.107
S1058 Prestige Prestige can traverse the file system to discover files to encrypt by identifying specific extensions defined in a hardcoded list.105
S0113 Prikormka A module in Prikormka collects information about the paths, size, and creation time of files with specific file extensions, but not the actual content of the file.97
S0238 Proxysvc Proxysvc lists files in directories.269
S0078 Psylo Psylo has commands to enumerate all storage devices and to find all files that start with a particular string.84
S0147 Pteranodon Pteranodon identifies files matching certain file extension and copies them to subdirectories it created.226
S0192 Pupy Pupy can walk through directories and recursively search for strings in files.7
S0650 QakBot QakBot can identify whether it has been run previously on a host by checking for a specified folder.195
S0686 QuietSieve QuietSieve can search files on the target host by extension, including doc, docx, xls, rtf, odt, txt, jpg, pdf, rar, zip, and 7z.53
S0629 RainyDay RainyDay can use a file exfiltration tool to collect recently changed files with specific extensions.76
S0458 Ramsay Ramsay can collect directory and file lists.165166
S0055 RARSTONE RARSTONE obtains installer properties from Uninstall Registry Key entries to obtain information about installed applications and how to uninstall certain applications.163
S1040 Rclone Rclone can list files and directories with the ls, lsd, and lsl commands.6
S0153 RedLeaves RedLeaves can enumerate and search for files and directories.2120
S0332 Remcos Remcos can search for files on the infected machine.8
S0375 Remexi Remexi searches for files on the system. 289
S0592 RemoteUtilities RemoteUtilities can enumerate files and directories on a target machine.14
S0125 Remsec Remsec is capable of listing contents of folders on the victim. Remsec also searches for custom network encryption software on victims.198199200
S0496 REvil REvil has the ability to identify specific files and directories that are not to be encrypted.575859606162
S0448 Rising Sun Rising Sun can enumerate information about files from the infected system, including file size, attributes, creation time, last access time, and write time. Rising Sun can enumerate the compilation timestamp of Windows executable files.93
S0240 ROKRAT ROKRAT has the ability to gather a list of files and directories on the infected system.136137138
S0090 Rover Rover automatically searches for files on local drives based on a predefined list of file extensions.26
S1073 Royal Royal can identify specific files and directories to exclude from the encryption process.218219220
S0148 RTM RTM can check for specific files and directories associated with virtualization and malware analysis.210
S0446 Ryuk Ryuk has enumerated files and folders on all mounted drives.263
S1018 Saint Bot Saint Bot can search a compromised host for specific files.27
G0034 Sandworm Team Sandworm Team has enumerated files on a compromised host.192334
S0461 SDBbot SDBbot has the ability to get directory listings or drive information on a compromised host.242
S0345 Seasalt Seasalt has the capability to identify the drive type on a victim.168
S0444 ShimRat ShimRat can list directories.63
S0063 SHOTPUT SHOTPUT has a command to obtain a directory listing.224
S0610 SideTwist SideTwist has the ability to search for specific files.72
G0121 Sidewinder Sidewinder has used malware to collect information on files and directories.294
S0692 SILENTTRINITY SILENTTRINITY has several modules, such as ls.py, pwd.py, and recentFiles.py, to enumerate directories and files.12
S0623 Siloscape Siloscape searches for the Kubernetes config file and other related files using a regular expression.234
S0468 Skidmap Skidmap has checked for the existence of specific files including /usr/sbin/setenforce and /etc/selinux/config. It also has the ability to monitor the cryptocurrency miner file and process. 211
S0633 Sliver Sliver can enumerate files on a target system.9
S0533 SLOTHFULMEDIA SLOTHFULMEDIA can enumerate files and directories.267
S0226 Smoke Loader Smoke Loader recursively searches through directories for files.261
C0024 SolarWinds Compromise During the SolarWinds Compromise, APT29 obtained information about the configured Exchange virtual directory using Get-WebServicesVirtualDirectory.341
S0615 SombRAT SombRAT can execute enum to enumerate files in storage on a compromised system.101
S0516 SoreFang SoreFang has the ability to list directories.34
S0157 SOUNDBITE SOUNDBITE is capable of enumerating and manipulating files and directories.273
G0054 Sowbug Sowbug identified and extracted all Word documents on a server by using a command containing * .doc and *.docx. The actors also searched for documents based on a specific date range and attempted to identify all installed software on a victim.327
S0035 SPACESHIP SPACESHIP identifies files and directories for collection by searching for specific file extensions or file modification time.32
S0142 StreamEx StreamEx has the ability to enumerate drive types.253
S1034 StrifeWater StrifeWater can enumerate files on a compromised host.131
S0491 StrongPity StrongPity can parse the hard drive on a compromised host to identify specific file extensions.134
S0603 Stuxnet Stuxnet uses a driver to scan for specific filesystem driver objects.214
S1042 SUGARDUMP SUGARDUMP can search for and collect data from specific Chrome, Opera, Microsoft Edge, and Firefox files, including any folders that have the string Profile in its name.65
S0559 SUNBURST SUNBURST had commands to enumerate files and directories.8283
S0562 SUNSPOT SUNSPOT enumerated the Orion software Visual Studio solution directory path.245
S0242 SynAck SynAck checks its directory location in an attempt to avoid launching in a sandbox.8687
S0663 SysUpdate SysUpdate can search files on a compromised host.171170
S0011 Taidoor Taidoor can search for specific files.64
S0586 TAINTEDSCRIBE TAINTEDSCRIBE can use DirectoryList to enumerate files in a specified directory.173
S0467 TajMahal TajMahal has the ability to index files from drives, user profiles, and removable drives.254
G0139 TeamTNT TeamTNT has used a script that checks /proc/*/environ for environment variables related to AWS.330
S0665 ThreatNeedle ThreatNeedle can obtain file and directory information.232
S0131 TINYTYPHON TINYTYPHON searches through the drive containing the OS, then all drive letters C through to Z, for documents matching certain extensions.122
S0266 TrickBot TrickBot searches the system for all of the following file extensions: .avi, .mov, .mkv, .mpeg, .mpeg4, .mp4, .mp3, .wav, .ogg, .jpeg, .jpg, .png, .bmp, .gif, .tiff, .ico, .xlsx, and .zip. It can also obtain browsing history, cookies, and plug-in information.129130
S0094 Trojan.Karagany Trojan.Karagany can enumerate files and directories on a compromised host.47
G0081 Tropic Trooper Tropic Trooper has monitored files’ modified time.94
S0436 TSCookie TSCookie has the ability to discover drive information on the infected host.230
S0647 Turian Turian can search for specific files and list directories.117
G0010 Turla Turla surveys a system upon check-in to discover files in specific locations on the hard disk %TEMP% directory, the current user’s desktop, the Program Files directory, and Recent.193296 Turla RPC backdoors have also searched for files matching the lPH*.dll pattern.297
S0263 TYPEFRAME TYPEFRAME can search directories for files on the victim’s machine.104
S0275 UPPERCUT UPPERCUT has the capability to gather the victim’s current directory.91
S0452 USBferry USBferry can detect the victim’s file or folder list.94
S0136 USBStealer USBStealer searches victim drives for files matching certain extensions (“.skr”,“.pkr” or “.key”) or names.216217
S0180 Volgmer Volgmer can list directories on a victim.188
S0366 WannaCry WannaCry searches for variety of user files by file extension before encrypting them using RSA and AES, including Office, PDF, image, audio, video, source code, archive/compression format, and key and certificate files.243244
S0670 WarzoneRAT WarzoneRAT can enumerate directories on a compromise host.95
S0612 WastedLocker WastedLocker can enumerate files and directories just prior to encryption.284
S0689 WhisperGate WhisperGate can locate files based on hardcoded file extensions.239238237240
G0124 Windigo Windigo has used a script to check for the presence of files created by OpenSSH backdoors.333
S0466 WindTail WindTail has the ability to enumerate the users home directory and the path to its own application bundle.185186
S0219 WINERACK WINERACK can enumerate files and directories.79
S0059 WinMM WinMM sets a WH_CBT Windows hook to search for and capture files on the victim.167
S0141 Winnti for Windows Winnti for Windows can check for the presence of specific files prior to moving to the next phase of execution.89
G0044 Winnti Group Winnti Group has used a program named ff.exe to search for specific documents on compromised hosts.317
S1065 Woody RAT Woody RAT can list all files and their associated attributes, including filename, type, owner, creation time, last access time, last write time, size, and permissions.139
S0161 XAgentOSX XAgentOSX contains the readFiles function to return a detailed listing (sometimes recursive) of a specified directory.80 XAgentOSX contains the showBackupIosFolder function to check for IOS device backups by running ls -la ~/Library/Application\ Support/MobileSync/Backup/.80
S0658 XCSSET XCSSET has used mdfind to enumerate a list of apps known to grant screen sharing permissions.98
S0248 yty yty gathers information on victim’s drives and has a plugin for document listing.145
S0251 Zebrocy Zebrocy searches for files that are 60mb and less and contain the following extensions: .doc, .docx, .xls, .xlsx, .ppt, .pptx, .exe, .zip, and .rar. Zebrocy also runs the echo %APPDATA% command to list the contents of the directory.123124125 Zebrocy can obtain the current execution path as well as perform drive enumeration.126127
S0330 Zeus Panda Zeus Panda searches for specific directories on the victim’s machine.222
S0086 ZLib ZLib has the ability to enumerate files and drives.153
S0672 Zox Zox can enumerate files on a compromised host.260
S0350 zwShell zwShell can browse the file system.213
S0412 ZxShell ZxShell has a command to open a file manager and explorer on the system.290

Detection

ID Data Source Data Component
DS0017 Command Command Execution
DS0009 Process OS API Execution

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