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T1087.003 Email Account

Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts. Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).3

In on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, the Get-GlobalAddressList PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.41

In Google Workspace, the GAL is shared with Microsoft Outlook users through the Google Workspace Sync for Microsoft Outlook (GWSMO) service. Additionally, the Google Workspace Directory allows for users to get a listing of other users within the organization.2

Item Value
ID T1087.003
Sub-techniques T1087.001, T1087.002, T1087.003, T1087.004
Tactics TA0007
Platforms Office Suite, Windows
Version 1.2
Created 21 February 2020
Last Modified 24 October 2025

Procedure Examples

ID Name Description
S0093 Backdoor.Oldrea Backdoor.Oldrea collects address book information from Outlook.7
S0635 BoomBox BoomBox can execute an LDAP query to discover e-mail accounts for domain users.13
C0027 C0027 During C0027, Scattered Spider accessed Azure AD to identify email addresses.19
S0367 Emotet Emotet has been observed leveraging a module that can scrape email addresses from Outlook.111210
S0531 Grandoreiro Grandoreiro can parse Outlook .pst files to extract e-mail addresses.6
C0038 HomeLand Justice During HomeLand Justice, threat actors used compromised Exchange accounts to search mailboxes for administrator accounts.20
S0681 Lizar Lizar can collect email accounts from Microsoft Outlook and Mozilla Thunderbird.9
G0059 Magic Hound Magic Hound has used Powershell to discover email accounts.15
S0413 MailSniper MailSniper can be used to obtain account names from Exchange and Office 365 using the Get-GlobalAddressList cmdlet.1
G1039 RedCurl RedCurl has collected information about email accounts.1617
S0358 Ruler Ruler can be used to enumerate Exchange users and dump the GAL.5
G0034 Sandworm Team Sandworm Team used malware to enumerate email settings, including usernames and passwords, from the M.E.Doc application.18
G0092 TA505 TA505 has used the tool EmailStealer to steal and send lists of e-mail addresses to a remote server.14
S0266 TrickBot TrickBot collects email addresses from Outlook.8

References

  1. Bullock, B.. (2016, October 3). Attacking Exchange with MailSniper. Retrieved October 6, 2019. ↩↩

  2. Google. (n.d.). Retrieved March 16, 2021. ↩

  3. Microsoft. (2020, February 7). Address lists in Exchange Server. Retrieved March 26, 2020. ↩

  4. Microsoft. (n.d.). Get-GlobalAddressList. Retrieved October 6, 2019. ↩

  5. SensePost. (2016, August 18). Ruler: A tool to abuse Exchange services. Retrieved February 4, 2019. ↩

  6. ESET. (2020, April 28). Grandoreiro: How engorged can an EXE get?. Retrieved November 13, 2020. ↩

  7. Symantec Security Response. (2014, June 30). Dragonfly: Cyberespionage Attacks Against Energy Suppliers. Retrieved April 8, 2016. ↩

  8. Anthony, N., Pascual, C.. (2018, November 1). Trickbot Shows Off New Trick: Password Grabber Module. Retrieved November 16, 2018. ↩

  9. BI.ZONE Cyber Threats Research Team. (2021, May 13). From pentest to APT attack: cybercriminal group FIN7 disguises its malware as an ethical hacker’s toolkit. Retrieved February 2, 2022. ↩

  10. Binary Defense. (n.d.). Emotet Evolves With new Wi-Fi Spreader. Retrieved September 8, 2023. ↩

  11. CIS. (2018, December 12). MS-ISAC Security Primer- Emotet. Retrieved March 25, 2019. ↩

  12. Kessem, L., et al. (2017, November 13). New Banking Trojan IcedID Discovered by IBM X-Force Research. Retrieved July 14, 2020. ↩

  13. MSTIC. (2021, May 28). Breaking down NOBELIUM’s latest early-stage toolset. Retrieved August 4, 2021. ↩

  14. Hiroaki, H. and Lu, L. (2019, June 12). Shifting Tactics: Breaking Down TA505 Group’s Use of HTML, RATs and Other Techniques in Latest Campaigns. Retrieved May 29, 2020. ↩

  15. DFIR Report. (2022, March 21). APT35 Automates Initial Access Using ProxyShell. Retrieved May 25, 2022. ↩

  16. Group-IB. (2020, August). RedCurl: The Pentest You Didn’t Know About. Retrieved August 9, 2024. ↩

  17. Group-IB. (2021, November). RedCurl: The Awakening. Retrieved August 14, 2024. ↩

  18. Cherepanov, A.. (2017, July 4). Analysis of TeleBots’ cunning backdoor . Retrieved June 11, 2020. ↩

  19. Parisi, T. (2022, December 2). Not a SIMulation: CrowdStrike Investigations Reveal Intrusion Campaign Targeting Telco and BPO Companies. Retrieved June 30, 2023. ↩

  20. CISA. (2022, September 23). AA22-264A Iranian State Actors Conduct Cyber Operations Against the Government of Albania. Retrieved August 6, 2024. ↩